Is a significant income disparity of any consequence? Other than stirring up envy among the “have-nots” does it affect anyone? Does the total of one man’s bank account have any impact on someone else’s lifestyle? Why can’t Americans point to a disparity in incomes and say “that is proof that success is achievable in America”? Maybe the most important question is whether or not the government needs to even out inequalities by pulling money from one man’s pocket and slipping it into the wallet of another.
Most of the “class-envy” crowd, of which Karl Marx was chief, looks at the wrong aspect of various income levels. It is crucial that we look at the ability to create wealth and the actions taken to achieve it instead of the end result, a fat pile of cash. I think everyone knows how to stay poor so let’s turn our attention to those who got rich.
If we provide whatever product or service that we have to offer to anyone we can reach with our own efforts we will earn a living. If we create a vehicle (a business) that allows us to deliver it to the masses we will get rich, like liberals-will-despise-us kind of rich. That is the idea anyway. I can’t imagine a more appropriate incentive to justify the tremendous risk, investment, sacrifice and intense hard work required to build a business. The function of a business is to multiply your efforts and allow you to get your product or service into the hands of more interested Americans than you would have otherwise been able to reach. Again, a massive return on our investment is the goal and the only logical reason to expend the effort and expose ourselves to such risks.
Know that a business which is generating mountains of cash for the owner has a variety of operational needs that can only be met by purchasing services from others. A business represents a continuous need for the services of others and the ability to pay for them. We could interpret it another way: A business represents a low-risk venue where anyone can provide a skill or service and receive a modest return.
Here is a prime example of income disparity and no victims to be found. It is also a recipe for success. The employer is in the tricky position of trying to balance a payroll that entices quality people to remain on staff and continue to be profitable in a free market. Once the balance is achieved products are sold, customers are satisfied, profits roll in, the payroll grows. The stage is set for workers to receive payment for their skills and the employer starts lining his pockets. That is an extremely difficult and challenging position to arrive at, but appropriately profitable as well.
In this scenario we will find a healthy, happy middle class. They have a reasonable selection of prosperous, unfettered, growing businesses to offer their services to with very little risk in a growing free market that is expanding. Knowing that quality, long-term employees provide the most return on investment, wealthy capitalists will extend greater monetary incentives to keep them from reaching for another employer’s greener pastures. This is an environment where workers succeed and businesses thrive. Income disparities abound and no one cares. In a free market, opportunity always accompanies income disparity.
Where is the problem? Why are so many people touting socialism as a cure for the “problem of income disparity”? According to history, the free market, Capitalism, has a strangely successful track record of providing prosperity for anyone who is willing to grab it.
Most Americans who have encountered the middle-class crunch can not place blame on the free market, but, rather, a departure from the free market. If it is possible for a person to convince enough of the populace that “unfairness” exists, as evidenced by the income gap, and those who aren’t wealthy are actually victims of the those who are wealthy, it is almost a natural progression that the voters will happily provide this person with the power to seize assets from the wealthiest. In this instance people are first convinced that government dependence is their only hope and, secondly, they exchange the freedom of all Americans to own the fruits of their labor for this dependence on government. The government would then logically have the power to appropriate more and more wealth as long as they could keep finding new groups of victims to garner votes from. This class envy business almost seems like it might pay off big for the politicians who agressively promote it.
Therein lies the departure from the free market. Remember the fine balance between payroll, profit, and price? Consider the ramifications of government “fairness” being thrown into the mix. When money is pulled from a business with no product or service offered to replace it one of those three will suffer. Again, the successful business owner put in the effort of building a business for the sole purpose of creating semi loads of cash. The logical consequence of this outside force on the market then is increasing prices (inflation), lowering wages, or cutting staff. Cutting profit is the intelligent last resort.
What is actually taking place here? Is there actually wealth being redistributed? The government adopts a method that is only slightly more discreet than seizing money and cutting checks. Instead the largest portion of the tax burden is shifted up to those who benefit the economy the greatest. Don’t misunderstand, there are certainly government checks being mailed out to people who didn’t earn them, but that is another topic.
This artificial market pressure on wealthy Americans puts the greatest squeeze on the middle class (again, through inflation and lower wages and unemployment). In other words this pressure rolls downhill as businesses attempt to remain profitable in spite of government-imposed “fairness”. Of course those who offer the most benefit to the average Joe end up looking like the bad guy. And once profits fall below the interest rate it only makes sense to fire the staff, sell the business and just invest the money.
As government extracts the largest percentage of cash from the rich a new income disparity appears without the familiar opportunity that usually comes with it. It is the transfer of wealth from the free market to government coffers. There is no opportunity for a middle class American to earn this money from his employer by exchanging a product or service for it so their income potential decreases. It’s almost like this once accessible money has been effectively taken out of play. There is, however, now a chance to declare yourself a government-dependent victim of unfairness and vote for a larger governing body that offers greater control over the earnings of the free market in hopes of receiving a handout.
If wealthy individuals were allowed to keep their earnings, opportunities for new jobs and income increases would abound and prices wouldn’t be pressured upward (inflation) in an attempt to make up for the increased tax burden. With that we’ve discovered the solution to the middle class crunch: less government. Of course people would be forced to rediscover self reliance, but there would be plenty additional opportunity to take advantage of to offset this new responsibility. Less of the free market’s capital would be tied up uselessly in the government’s control and the cost of producing wealth would decrease for ALL Americans.
I always tense up when Americans begrudge prosperity. When I hear phrases like “income gap” and “unfair” and people suggesting that government should even out the inequalities I begin to wonder if I should bury my money in the backyard. During periods of economic increase wealthy Americans proper the most. Great! Conversely, when GDP flattens or even declines the wealthy stand to lose the most and the gap narrows. According to the IRS (http://www.irs.gov/taxstats/indtaxstats/article/0,,id=129270,00.html) under Bush’s reign of terror the top one percent of Americans accounted for 21.2% of adjusted gross income and 39.4% of federal tax revenue. You describe this as “greedily enjoy the benefits of a Bush presidency”. Its almost like they paid their “fair share” and part of yours and mine too. For you to side with Karl Marx and suggest the government graduate the tax scale even more aggressively sounds “unfair” and maybe even unamerican. What is the logical conclusion of Obama’s economic plan? Tip the tax scales so much that no body is allowed to be wealthy by order of the government? Extracting even more tax dollars from those who employs the most, consume(spend) the most, invest the most, and generate the most would put a blight on the economy and cap on GDP growth like you can’t imagine. No poor guy has ever signed the front of my paycheck and I sure don’t want a dime from the government. So maybe take it easy on those Americans who embraced the very heart and soul of free enterprise and just be satisfied with the extent to which they are being punished for their success. The more successful, wealthy, rich, etc… an American becomes the vulnerable his earnings are to seizure by the goverment. When enough anger and envy is stirred among the populace people begin to cheer on the goverment in appropriating wealth from the richest. Is there a more terrifying scenario for Americans who putting in the efforts to achieve great success in the USA?
Posted by: Michael Paul | August 09, 2008 at 10:41 AM
The second response is always to associate a more even tax system with Karl Marx, absolute capitalism is wrong as is the same with absolute socialism. The mix is where a country truly blossoms. The logical conclusion of the Obama tax plan is to give the middle class a bigger tax break while forcing to the top 1% aka Bill Gates, Buffet etc.. to pay on average $738,000 more. Do you think that is going to force Bill Gates to resign his citizenship and flee to Guatemala where the tax rate is lower? I don’t think so.
Posted by: Crian | August 09, 2008 at 12:02 PM
First of all, nothing in Crian’s post suggests that people shouldn’t be allowed to be wealthy. Further, the wealthiest Americans now pay less of a percentage of their income in taxes than they ever have, and the — yes, get ready for it — the income disparity between the rich and the poor is as high as its been since Hoover.
The government has a vested interest in ensuring as large and healthy a middle class as possible, and that idea doesn’t come from Karl Marx, it comes from Aristotle. Having a middle class that is just scraping by puts the economy at enormous risk. We need a middle class that can afford to buy all the things this economy is creating. No matter how wealthy the top one percent is, they will never be able to do that, because there are simply not enough of them, and they are far more likely to invest than to consume. Nothing wrong with investments, but if people aren’t building new houses, buying cars, etc., then investment won’t do much to spur growth. It’s why I’ve never understood tax cuts that are massively slanted to the wealthiest Americans. It’s also why those tax cuts almost always fail to work.
Also, you act as if the richest Americans are entitled to everything they earn. As if the roads, water systems, electrical grid, banking systems, international monetary systems just magically created themselves. We make the wealthy pay more, because they’ve benefited more. Not to mention that when we cut taxes on income or capital gains, that money has to be gotten from somewhere — usually in the form of higher cigarette taxes, or sales tax, or another one of the massively regressive taxes the government chooses to levy. This only squeezes the middle and lower classes even more, meaning they can buy even less, meaning the economy will worsen.
Posted by: Big Blue | August 09, 2008 at 12:49 PM
Posted by: Michael Paul | August 09, 2008 at 01:31 PM
Tell me Michael, how are we as a free society supposed to prevent the growing income disparity, increasing poor etc….? The status quo is not going to help that so unless the Republicans have a plan, it is time to change the way America works to actually help people.
I truly believe that America will not fall apart if it drifts from pure Capitalism. It will actually be better for it.
Posted by: Crian | August 10, 2008 at 12:27 PM
And again, the government does have a very compelling interest in maintaining a strong middle class. It creates a stable economy and a stable government, and frankly, redistributing wealth from the very wealthiest to the working class has proven to be a very effective method of creating both a robust economy and a healthy middle class.
I have also made the point on this blog time and again that I do not now, nor will I ever be swayed by slippery slope arguments. That if we have a progressive income tax we’re destined to fall to communism is just plain silly.
Also, ever since we’ve had income taxes, they have been progressive. And the wealthiest Americans used to have to pay far more percentage-wise than they do now. Exactly what is their complaint. They benefit more from what little economic growth we’ve had over the last eight years, while paying less than they ever have in taxes. Meanwhile working class Americans are barely scraping by due to sky rocketing gas costs, health costs, and college tuition, meaning they have less to spend, which is bad for the economy.
I have absolutely no objection to a graduated income tax that increases as income rises. And I would feel the exact same way if I were a millionaire.
Posted by: Big Blue | August 10, 2008 at 12:44 PM
Posted by: Michael Paul | August 10, 2008 at 10:21 PM
Posted by: Michael Paul | August 10, 2008 at 10:24 PM
You’ve left the reservation. No one in this post has advocated Marxism. I advocate a strong, healthy middle class existing within a predominantly capitalist economy, but the need for a middle class was laid forth by Aristotle, not Marx.
And now you’re equating recognizing an objective income disparity — which has nothing to do with believing wealth is finite, but rather suggests that there is a “disparity” (the condition of being unequal) between the wealthiest and the middle class that is far in excess of what is economically sustainable — with mercantilism, which actually is the economic belief that there is a finite amount of wealth in the world (and which went out of fashion a couple of centuries ago).
This is a straw man. You take an argument, call it something that it’s not, and it makes it very easy for you to argue against the idea that no one has proposed. I don’t propose that the government should control all aspects of the economy, or that all property should be owned in common. I merely propose a tax plan designed to put more money in the hands of working Americans. It’s not just about what America can produce, it’s about what America can consume. And when what little economic growth there is goes almost entirely to the wealthiest one percent, that’s bad for everyone.
Posted by: Big Blue | August 11, 2008 at 02:04 AM
The EU and its member countries have done something right with a fair tax system not to mention healthcare, its about time America catches on to this trend.
Posted by: Crian | August 11, 2008 at 11:05 AM
On a different note, let me remove a little confusion. An aggressively graduated income tax is not Marxism. Because you subscribe to that idea does not make you a Marxist. A heavy progressive tax was simply one tool out of ten that Marx suggested we utilize to achieve communism where capitalism once was. I can only assume that your reasons for employing that tool are much more benign.
Posted by: Michael Paul | August 11, 2008 at 04:51 PM
To be continued,
BB
Posted by: Big Blue | August 11, 2008 at 06:31 PM